Biocompatibility requirements depend on contact duration and tissue type, per ISO 10993.
- Limited contact devices (under 24 hours) require cytotoxicity, sensitization and irritation testing.
- Extended contact devices (24 hours to 30 days) need additional tests for systemic toxicity and subchronic effects.
- Permanent implants require comprehensive testing including implantation studies and hemocompatibility.
Material selection affects testing scope and approval pathways. Medical-grade polymers and elastomers typically have established biocompatibility profiles. Custom materials may require complete test batteries. Testing must be conducted at accredited laboratories following Good Laboratory Practices.